Understanding Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease is a type of degenerative movement disorder which affects the nervous system. Symptoms start small with slight tremors and progressively become worse over time, leading to serious condition like dementia. In most cases, symptoms start to appear in people who are over the age of 60 years, but the disease can affect young adults as well.

Recognising the early signs of Parkinson’s disease is vital in treating the condition. Some of these early signs include:

• Tremor in the hands
• Change in posture and shuffling gait
• Reduced sense of balance and coordination
• Tremor in the voice
• Fixed facial expressions
• Difficulty chewing and swallowing
• Decreased or loss of sense of smell
• Constipation and issues with urination
• Sleep problems and restless legs
• Mood changes

The early signs of Parkinson’s disease are often mistaken for the normal signs of aging. This is a large reason why people do not seek help at the right time. Early detection can help the patient manage and control symptoms better and lead an easier life.

What are the causes of Parkinson’s disease?

Medical experts are unsure about the causes of this condition, but the death of nerve cells in the brain is known to be a leading factor. Men are more likely to develop Parkinson’s disease compared to women. Genetic and environmental factors are also considered responsible in the onset of Parkinson’s disease. Exposure to toxic substances like pesticides and herbicides can make one more susceptible to developing this condition.

As the causes of Parkinson’s disease are a mystery, it is also difficult to determine ways to prevent or delay the onset of this condition. Consuming a healthy diet rich in flavonoids and antioxidants has been known to help alleviate some symptoms. Regular exercise and aerobics is also a good way to help with symptoms.

Treatment of Parkinson’s disease

This condition cannot be cured, but its onset can be delayed and symptoms can be managed. Early detection is important as it helps patient manage their symptoms better with lifestyle changes and regular exercise. Physical therapy may also be prescribed to help improve balance and coordination.

People suffering from Parkinson’s disease have low dopamine levels in their brain. Doctors can prescribe medications to elevate dopamine levels, which are also known to help with walking, balance and movement. If medication is not helpful, the patient may be given deep brain simulation where electrical impulses are sent to the brain to reduce symptoms.